Agriculture is an extremely promising direction for a business, if one approaches its organization wisely. The number of private farms and state agricultural organizations that require a large amount of feed and other supplies is steadily increasing every year.
Based on this, the production of animal feed can become a very profitable business.
In this article we will consider a typical project of such a case, which will require the necessary minimum cost. If you find a more or less reliable sales market, then you will definitely not suffer from the lack of orders.
What it is?
Combined feed (compound feed) - a product that is intended specifically for feeding domestic animals or poultry. The basis is grain or grass meal, meat and bone meal or fish meal are used as protein additives, and specialized additives are introduced into its composition to provide the livestock with all the necessary microelements and vitamins.
What is this type of food for?
If you are far from agriculture, then you are guaranteed to have this question. Isn’t it easier to feed animals or birds with their natural feed? No, in the conditions of modern intensification of agriculture, such an approach is unreasonably expensive. In addition, the same cattle (cattle) are now found in large agricultural complexes.
Most often, animals do not even graze, and therefore, strictly balanced feeds are needed to maintain their productivity and physical condition in order. They can provide only well-established production of feed.
Therefore, farmers are very interested in quality products of this kind. They are well aware that saving on them is not worth it, as this can be fraught with a complete loss of profit. In a word, if you start production in any agricultural region, you will have at your complete disposal a real gold mine!
What is the range of animal feed?
Oddly enough, but the range of special-purpose feeds is huge, there are separate recipes not only for different types of animals, but also for sex and age groups. In addition, there are separate feeds for pregnant, old and young animals, for groups of different food orientations (down or meat rabbits, for example).
Division of feed by nutritional value
- Concentrated feed containing the maximum amount of nutrients and energy.
- Balancing additives designed to cover the needs of animals in certain trace elements or vitamins.
- Combined feeds that are used for daily nutrition. Especially common in livestock and pig breeding.
In what forms is feed produced?
- Particularly common loose varieties of medium and large grinding.
- Granular fractions popular in poultry and pig farming.
- Briquetted feed, recently used in cattle breeding and horse breeding.
We determine the market
We have already mentioned that it is extremely important to determine in advance market their products. After all, the size of your revenue depends on this.
The worst option is to sell feed to intermediary firms.It is bad because such organizations are not inclined to set normal purchase prices, as their owners practice a widespread type of domestic “business”, when intermediaries purchase feed from producers for a penny, selling them exorbitantly to consumers.
Their direct implementation to state-owned agricultural enterprises and private farmers looks much more promising. If you live within a large city, it may be a tempting and lucrative idea to produce compound feed intended for sale in zoos. The disadvantage is the general nepotism and the prohibition of extraneous manufacturers to such a profitable market.
In any case, strive to find the possibility of wholesale sales. However, in rural areas you can always realize surplus products for households.
What raw materials will you need?
In general, in the manufacture of the most “advanced” feeds of this type, more than a hundred varieties of raw materials are often used. However, the average production of animal feed consumes much less ingredients. This is especially true when making food for cattle.
Therefore, we consider the main types of raw materials, without which you can not do without in any case:
- hay, as well as different varieties of oilcake and meal (if there is no hay, high-quality straw may come up);
- high quality grain and not infected with fungal diseases;
- meat, fish or meat and bone meal;
- molasses or waste from starch production;
- table salt and chalk;
- vitamins, minerals and feed antibiotics;
- in some cases, the use of separate protein premixes is required.
Combined feed production technology
The production process itself largely depends on which raw material for the compound feed you intend to use. For example, barley must undergo a flattening and peeling process, and wheat does not need to be crushed. Accordingly, for feed based on it no pressing machines are needed. Since today at least 90% of the demand falls on granular feed, consider the technology of their release.
The following stages are distinguished:
- Raw materials are carefully crushed.
- Everything is brought to a homogeneous consistency.
- The mixture is thoroughly mixed.
- The mechanism forms individual granules.
- They are dried and cooled.
- After this, the finished feed is packaged.
Depending on the formulation, hay or straw is chopped into pieces with a length of 10 to 40 mm. The grain is crushed in a special grinder. All elements that are added to the feed mixture are added at the stage of mixing these two components. The composition is sent to the mixer, in which it is brought to a completely homogeneous state.
Note that the feeding stage to the agitator tank is extremely important, due to which the raw materials are evenly fed into the pellet mill. If you neglect the installation of such equipment, then the granules may not be too uniform in weight and appearance.
Equipment
Of course, at first you should limit yourself to buying only basic equipment, since the agricultural business is a rather risky industry. We will consider two options for the simplest production line.
Firstly, we advise you to pay attention to the LPKG-1 line. It can produce not only granular (8 mm), but also loose feed.
Only three workers are required to service the entire installation. The advantage is also that the feed production technology in this case does not require the hiring of highly qualified personnel.
In an hour, the line delivers at least a ton of feed with an entire plant of 43 kW. It costs about 1.2 million rubles. We highly recommend purchasing a KR-02 machine for grinding straw and hay in combination with a machine.
It costs about 20 thousand rubles. Total 1,220,000 rubles.Agree that such a business plan for the production of feed is quite real and does not require any space costs for equipment.
The LPKG-3 line is very similar to it. The main difference is that it is intended for larger enterprises. It can also produce bulk and granular feed. At least four people are required to service the production cycle. As in the past case, it is not necessary to look for skilled labor.
In an hour, the line produces three tons of finished feed at a power of 76 kW. Its cost is approximately 2,300,000 rubles. The manufacturer recommends purchasing this equipment paired with a straw chopper "IRR-1M". Its cost is about 400 thousand rubles. Total 2,700,000 rubles.
Capital investments in small production
- Equipment will require approximately 1.3 million rubles.
- At least 400 thousand should be put aside for its installation and delivery.
- Raw materials for the first time will require approximately 500 thousand rubles.
- At least 400,000 will be spent on the preparation of the workshops.
- Documentation and other bureaucratic red tape sometimes takes at least a million rubles.
Thus, everything will require about 3.5 million rubles. It is impossible to calculate the costs of wages and social benefits, as this depends heavily on your region. Keep in mind that the amount of social benefits is about 34% of the payroll.
