What do you need to start to legally engage in trading activities? What is the best way to register? Do I need to get permission to trade and how to do it? Are there differences in obtaining documents when trading in different goods? These and other questions are answered by the article.
Management form
We determine the form of doing business. Can become individual entrepreneur (IP) or establish a trade organization with the rights of a legal entity. To conduct business, these forms have positive and negative sides. The package of documents required to obtain a trade permit depends on the type of management selected.
Whether additional documents need to be received depends largely on the choice of the form of activity and the assortment of goods. So, it is easier for individual entrepreneurs to keep financial statements, they do not need to adhere to the procedure for conducting cash transactions, the entrepreneur has the right to keep all the revenue. But it’s not worth rejoicing much, since IP is forbidden to trade in alcoholic beverages, and restrictions apply to them.
A legal entity is obliged to return the proceeds from trade to a banking institution. The plus is that permission to trade a legal entity can be obtained for the sale of almost any product. The main thing is that the goods should not be prohibited for circulation in the country.
Package of documents
To obtain permission to trade (certificate of entry in the Commercial Register), you must submit the following documents:
- legal entities provide constituent documents; IP - extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or certificate of registration of IP;
- certificate of registration with the Federal Tax Service;
- data on the head and chief accountant, bank details (provide legal entities);
- a lease agreement for the premises and documents on the ownership of the premises in which the trade will be carried out;
- sanitary passport of the room where the trade will be carried out;
- conclusions of state supervision and sanitary-epidemiological service;
- an agreement with a municipal or other garbage collection service;
- list of products for trade.
It is important to know that obtaining permission to trade in certain types of products (for example, alcohol) is accompanied by the inclusion of an appropriate license in the specified list of documents.
Obtaining a license
Federal Law "On licensing of certain types of activities" It provides for a license if an entrepreneur intends to sell printing products, non-ferrous and ferrous metals scrap, pharmaceutical and medical products, special technical equipment designed to obtain unofficial information, as well as ammunition.
Actual is the issue of obtaining a license to trade in alcoholic beverages. To implement these types of goods, it is necessary to fulfill the conditions, which will be discussed later. There is also an answer to the question of whether to obtain permission to trade beer.
Beer trade: business conditions
In accordance with the law, popularly called the “beer law”, neither trade organizations with the rights of a legal entity, nor individual entrepreneurs should be licensed to trade beer.
Permission to trade beer is accompanied by the fulfillment of a number of conditions, which include the following:
- a drink with an alcohol content of more than 5% can only be sold in stores;
- beer trade is permitted through trade facilities, the area of which is not less than 50 square meters. m. in the city and 25 square meters. m. - in the village (it is forbidden to sell beer through small retail outlets);
- prohibition of night trading;
- individual entrepreneurs also need to purchase and register a cash register to trade in a drink.
Food sales
Do I need to get permission to trade in food? Licensing law found that a license to trade in such goods is not required. But the Decree of the Government `` On the notification procedure for starting certain types of entrepreneurial activity '' obliges the entrepreneur to send a notification and a package of documents to the Rospotrebnadzor division before starting work.
The conclusion of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service on the compliance of activities with sanitary standards is mandatory. For trade in a specific type of product, certificates and declarations of conformity are also required, which must be provided by the supplier of the product.
Permission to trade on the street
In order to engage in street trading activities calmly and not have problems with the law, the entrepreneur needs to find out in advance what kind of permits he needs to receive. To begin with, we determine what is considered to be street trading.
The sale of goods in an open area, in specially adapted and designated places - this is street trading. Permission to sell goods on the street is necessary, as with other types of trade. The document is called "Permission to install a retail facility."
To the package of documents provided for obtaining permission (which was mentioned above), a map, diagram or plan of the location of the shopping facility or point is added. Moreover, a place for trading will be reserved only in the permitted areas, and trading at one’s choice and will not work. If it is planned that employees will be engaged in the sale of goods, then the individual entrepreneur must still register with the Pension Fund and the Social Insurance Fund. Upon approval of the application, the entrepreneur receives an object passport and permission to trade. The document is issued for a certain period.
Off-site trade: conditions of implementation
Do you prefer to trade in a mobile mobile store, otherwise called a "shop"? A trade permit in this case is also necessary, it allows you to locate the mobile object in places agreed with the local executive authority. To obtain permission, an application is submitted and the same package of documents as described above. In addition, taking into account the peculiarities of trade, a vehicle passport and technical examination in the Gas Inspectorate are provided (if gas equipment is used in the shop). The validity of the permit, depending on the period of trade (spring-summer period, New Year's or school fairs), can be different.
Permission to trade in alcohol
Trade in alcoholic beverages is a pretty lucrative business, many want to do it. Demand for this type of product never subsides. How to get permission to trade in alcohol?
First of all, if the business is associated with import-export operations, a license is required to carry out legitimate activities. The rules for obtaining a license are rather complicated. Individual entrepreneurs, alas, cannot trade in alcohol products. Obtaining a license precedes the provision of a bulk package of securities to the licensing authority. It includes all constituent documents, contact details of officials of a legal entity, permits of state authorities and others.
The rules for the sale of alcoholic beverages are the same as those regulating the trade in beer. It is possible to sell alcoholic beverages only in stationary facilities, for example, car shops are not suitable for this purpose.The sale of alcohol is not allowed in medical, educational and children's institutions, it is forbidden to sell alcohol to minors, in transport, in markets, train stations and airports.
Retail trade: conditions
Retail is aimed at the sale of goods to end consumers for their personal needs.
A retail authorization is a notification document. An application for notification of the start of work is provided to Rospotrebnadzor. Other documents are presented to regulatory authorities depending on the type of products sold. To start the activity, registration as an individual entrepreneur or legal entity is mandatory.
So, obtaining permission to trade and the beginning of trading activity is accompanied by the collection of more than one document and the passage of more than one instance. You also need to remember that trading is not always possible without a cash register. But do not be afraid of difficulties if you decide to go about your business. Successful business!
