According to statistics, today about 15 million disabled people are registered in Russia, in fact, every 10 residents of the country receive a special allowance. Moreover, more than half of this number are citizens of working age. The number of disabled children is also increasing annually.
Persons who have lost their ability to work in whole or in part are protected by the state, which provides them with material support. From the budget, benefits, pensions and benefits are paid, and other types of assistance are provided to people with disabilities.
Who can be ranked as categories of people with disabilities?
A disabled person is a person who has mental, mental, sensory, or physical disabilities that do not allow him to fully live in society.
People with disabilities have varying degrees of health disorders, in connection with this, graduation by disability groups has been introduced:
- 1 group, which includes people with severe health problems;
- 2 group, which includes people who retained the ability to independently move and serve themselves;
- 3 group, which includes people with health problems, but able to work for the good of the country;
- disabled children under the age of 18;
- childhood invalids - adults who have received disabilities in childhood.
Assistance to people with disabilities is provided to all of the above categories of citizens. At the same time, a specific list of benefits is provided for each group, which may vary in different regions of the country, depending on local regional programs for helping people with disabilities.
Disability benefits
Depending on the conditions for establishing disability, the following types of benefits are provided for in the Russian Federation:
- Disability labor pension. Such a benefit is assigned to persons who have worked for at least one day and are recognized as disabled, and who have received work-related injuries and “occupational” diseases.
- State pension for disabilities, it is assumed to participants of the Second World War, astronauts, residents of besieged Leningrad, military personnel, as well as those who suffered from industrial and radiation disasters.
- A social disability pension is granted to persons with disabilities of 1.2.3 groups, children with disabilities, and children with disabilities.
The size of these benefits is approved by the federal budget.
To receive disability benefits, you must go through a medical and social commission at the place of residence to establish a disability group. Payments are made by the authorities for the payment of pensions and benefits.
Social services
The Ministry of Health regularly updates the list of drugs that people with disabilities should be provided with for free. Medicines are prescribed according to the underlying disease and are approved by the attending physician. In addition, medical supplies and special nutrition for children with disabilities should be allocated free of charge. As an aid to the disabled, an annual spa treatment, free commuter travel, and also paid travel to the rehabilitation site and back are provided. Help disabled people of 1 group and for children with disabilities includes a paid ticket for an accompanying person.
Helping disabled people of group 3, who are officially unemployed, is a 50% discount on prescription drugs.
Beneficiaries can independently decide which of the social services they need, or refuse them altogether by choosing monetary compensation, the amount of which is also fixed.
Help from social workers
Assistance to disabled people of group 2, as well as the first, those living alone is provided by social workers.They carry out: the purchase of food and medicine, escort to medical institutions, cleaning apartments, providing legal assistance, the delivery of fuel and water to people with disabilities living in houses without communal amenities. Also, disabled people and the poor can be provided with one-time financial assistance in case of unforeseen situations (fire, flood, death of a loved one), as well as the need to purchase expensive medications in other situations. All types of assistance can be found in SOBES. Material assistance can be provided only once a year.
Specific assistance is also provided for people with disabilities. For example, repair of wheelchairs and other rehabilitation means, sign language services, maintenance and treatment of guide dogs.
People with impaired motor functions have the right to use a social taxi, the cost of which is significantly lower than that of city services.
Disabled persons are provided with all necessary technical equipment free of charge:
- wheelchairs;
- canes, crutches, and other types of supports;
- orthopedic shoes;
- prostheses;
- special mattresses and pillows that prevent the formation of pressure sores;
- specialized devices to facilitate dressing, feeding, bathing, as well as clothing of a special design;
- devices for the visually impaired: talking clocks, audio books;
- guide dogs with all necessary equipment, as well as payments for their maintenance and treatment.
- intended medical equipment;
- Hearing Aids;
- corsets
- diapers;
- as well as much more, designed to facilitate the life of people with disabilities.
Housing Benefits
There is a discount on utilities 50%, regardless of disability group. Families with a disabled child are taught benefits when applying for better housing conditions. It is also taken into account that a disabled person needs a larger living space than with normal calculation standards.
Disabled persons are given land allotments for construction or agricultural activities out of turn.
Education Benefits
Children with disabilities have the right to secondary education. The child can attend educational institutions where inclusive education is introduced, or the child can study at home, and teachers will come from the school of the micro-section, or from the one to which the child is attached. If the parents themselves are educating the children, then they are paid compensation.
Assistance to people with disabilities lies in educational benefits. So, people with disabilities of groups 1 and 2 can go to educational institutions. When scoring entrance exams, they are credited to the faculty without competition. When passing the exams, they may be extended the time for preparation.
In addition to the basic scholarship paid at the educational institution, people with disabilities are entitled to social scholarship subject to successful studies.
Benefits for disabled workers
The state protects the interests of working disabled people. So, persons with groups 1 and 2 are entitled to a 35-hour work week with full pay. They are given an extended vacation, as well as the opportunity to take leave without pay up to 60 days for a good reason.
Tax benefits
Persons with disabilities are exempt from paying property tax registered on them.
Discounts on transport tax up to 50%.
Exemptions are provided for when paying land tax.
The state provides various types of assistance to people with disabilities in order to support people in difficult situations.
In addition to state assistance, which applies to all registered persons with disabilities, various public organizations and charitable foundations can provide assistance to people with disabilities.
