So, today we will be interested in such a moment as military service. The entire male population of the Russian Federation sooner or later is asked to study this issue. After all, it is extremely important. According to the law, every man must repay his homeland. And to know that the conscription service will affect everyone. But there are some exceptions. In addition, sometimes you can try to evade the call or somehow delay it. And it would be nice to know about punishments for evading a duty to the motherland. So what are the features of military recruiting? What should men in Russia prepare for?
Definition
What is military service? The definition of this concept will help to understand what we are dealing with. After all, it is always important to understand what kind of process is involved, especially if it is assigned a mandatory character.
Military service is a special type of service carried out by citizens of the Russian Federation in the armed forces, as well as in a variety of troops and military units. The passage thereof is a certain process of changing the situation of military personnel (legal) upon the occurrence of any legal facts in the performance of the service and up to its end.
Simply put, military service is a service in the army, a professional service in the military units of the Russian Federation. It can be different. But a huge role is played by military service through conscription. Just this moment very worries the citizens of Russia. Someone prefers to repay a debt to their homeland and not worry about the consequences, and some consider this process a waste of time and effort, trying to “evade” obligations to the country. Of course, in this case, a certain punishment will await. What features does military service include? Who could even be called to her?
Who is being called?
This is not such a difficult question. After all, as has already been said, military service is the holy duty of every citizen of Russia. But only with respect to men. It follows that only the male part of the population will be called up for service, this duty does not apply to women. But if they wish, they can choose the so-called contract option. More about it a bit later. In any case, it is worth remembering - for men it is mandatory, for women - no.
Who exactly and from what moment will they call upon? It’s not too hard to understand the moment. The order of military service is prescribed in special legislative acts and decrees of the country, for example, “On military duty and military service”, “On defense”, “On the status of military personnel”. All this helps to learn and understand the rules that you will have to follow while serving. And here the categories of citizens suitable for fulfilling a duty to the homeland are indicated.
In general, as already mentioned, this process is relevant only to the male part of the population. But here, too, there are exceptions. All able-bodied and healthy men after graduation from school, or rather, from the age of 18, are involved in the conscription service. That is, all adult young people will be drafted into these or other troops for military service on conscription. There is nothing difficult or special about this. Only the process itself begins, as already mentioned, long before the direct appeal. And some citizens can dodge for some period from him. Or even be freed.
Process start
Military recruiting is a responsible and compulsory occupation for all men in Russia. As already mentioned, after reaching adulthood you will be drafted into the army.But preparation begins well in advance.
The first thing to face is with the so-called military training camps. They are usually held in the 10th grade of the school. You will receive a special agenda, which will indicate the place and time of collection. Here you will see a list of everything that you need to take with you. The law "On military service" provides for the preliminary preparation of future men for this process.
Usually fees last about 7-10 days. What is going on on them? The boys are introduced to everything they have to face. As a rule, physical activity occurs. But only military training for schoolchildren has one feature - parents must give permission to participate in their child. Without him, the boys will not be allowed to stay in preparation.
In practice, the situation is somewhat different. Usually parents are not asked for any permissions. And if they do, then the questions are purely formal. Children are still sent to the so-called military training camps. There is nothing dangerous about this. But there are times when, for really important reasons (due to health reasons), citizens are not allowed to exercise. In this case, fees may be dangerous for the child. Fortunately, such incidents are extremely rare.
How many are calling?
The timing of military service should also be known. Some restrictions on the call for military service and stay in the armed forces of the country exist. Moreover, they are spelled out in the laws of the Russian Federation. That means they must be respected.
Fortunately, if at 18 you for some reason (about them a little later) did not serve in the army, you will still have time for this. Indeed, now in Russia they are calling from adulthood and up to 27 years. Only after this age will you no longer need to be afraid of service. Unless you decide on your own to build a career as a military man and begin to serve not on a mandatory basis, but on a contract basis.
Thus, our current process is limited in time. Some citizens still try to evade him. After all, the duration of military service after conscription is 1 year. Not everyone is ready to give up their usual way of life and even work (some citizens really start working from the age of 18 and earlier) in order to pay off their debt to the state. Therefore, sometimes they try either to somehow avoid the process (legally or not quite honestly), or simply somehow postpone it.
Unfit
Of course, at the very beginning of the draft a special decree was issued on the passage of military service by every man. That is, everyone goes through a certain algorithm of actions, then the relevant documents are signed in the military unit, and then the citizen is accepted into one or another military force in order to pay off the debt to the homeland. As already mentioned, all adult males are called upon. But there are exceptions too.
Some categories of the population are considered unfit for military service. And there are legal reasons for that. The legislative acts of the country indicate that under certain circumstances a military ID (document issued after service) is handed over without being in the armed forces of the country. Usually, exceptions are made to disabled citizens or people with disabilities. Also, the procedure for military service indicates that non-traditional sexual orientation is not called upon to this process. Only now it will be necessary to prove it directly in the military unit, from where the summons will come to you.
Also unfit for service are citizens with health problems that exclude serious physical exertion. For example, heart disease or high myopia can be the reason for the refusal to accept a man in the army (both urgently and under contract). Any health deviations can have a huge impact on your military duties.
Presentation of the agenda
Where does the conscription service begin? Military fees already passed, now what to expect? Upon reaching the age of majority, a special summons will be sent to the mailing address. It must be handed to you personally, and you must sign it as confirmation that the document has been delivered to you.
So no transfers through relatives or cohabitants, no deliveries through the mailbox. Under such circumstances, the summons cannot be considered delivered. This means that military service on conscription does not take place.
If you have not personally signed up for a notice of delivery of the summons, you can wait until a second document is sent to you. This is completely legal. So you can somewhat delay your call. But you should not really hope for this feature. The fact is that sooner or later you still have to sign a notification, and then also explain to the military enlistment office why they could not receive the summons for so long.
By the way, what kind of data does it contain? This document will include information about you, as well as about the military unit where you are being called. Here will be the data of the chief of the military registration and enlistment office. Information about the final gathering for sending to certain troops is also written on the agenda.
Commission
But just do not need to panic immediately, as soon as you see this document. The fact is that before the direct passage of military service, each citizen undergoes the so-called medical commission without fail. Here, the suitability of a man to fulfill his duty to his homeland is established. And, depending on your health, there is a distribution among various units and troops. An article on military service indicates that health features should be taken into account when selecting a duty station. After all, all responsibility for the security and life of the military will rest on the shoulders of the military unit for a whole year.
So the first subpoena that will be delivered to you is about passing the commission. It indicates your data, as well as information about the military unit, time and place of the medical examination. You should not be afraid of this process. True, it sometimes takes a lot of time. In any case, if you want to evade the obligation to undergo military service, then it is advisable to appear at the medical commission. Maybe you are officially recognized as unfit for duty.
Deferment
It has already been said that sometimes it is possible not only to evade completely from the duty in question, but also to postpone it somewhat. The reasons why this action is possible are spelled out in the legislative acts of the Russian Federation. So, they are official. And, if certain conditions are met, you can not be afraid of the absence of your urgent military service if the summons has already been presented. The draft board and the commission will have to apply, but no more.
How can I officially get a respite? The most common option is to enter a higher education institution. Students are exempted from service as long as they study. And if there is a military department at the university, then in general you can get a military ID right away without repaying the debt to your homeland. The latter is not the most frequent scenario. But, as a rule, it takes place. By the way, scientists are completely exempt from the army.
There is also the option of deferment for family reasons. Also quite common. For example, the birth of a child (and his life until the age of 3) or a pregnant wife (more than 26 weeks) may be the reason why you will be allowed to wait a bit with the army. But in practice this is not the most frequent occurrence. If you are the only one who can take care of a needy relative, you can also count on mercy from the military enlistment office. Citizens who have two or more children also receive a respite. But in reality, the more minor children you have, the higher the likelihood that you will not be called at all. It is a normal and common practice in Russia.
Military service in the Russian Federation may be delayed due to the fact that you are already serving the state. That is, civil servants are not drafted into the army. Although this is called a postponement, in practice such citizens are not generally called up for military service. That is, you can from 18 to 27 years old (inclusive) a man in the service of the state (not military), and then do not encounter the army at all.
That's not all. Military service at a later date after receiving a summons (but no later than your 27 years old) is also possible for health reasons. You can be freed completely from this responsibility, and give time to amend. In this situation, at a certain point in time, you will need to re-pass the medical commission. And if you are again declared unfit for service, most likely, you will simply receive a military ID at the military registration and enlistment office for health reasons.
The last thing that can only be included in the list of deferrals is the decree of the President of the Russian Federation. The rarest phenomenon that can only be. The head of state has the right to postpone the serving of military duties by specific citizens, as well as completely free them from this process.
Evasion
It has already been said that not all men are in a hurry to repay a debt to their homeland. In principle, some can really be understood: when life is established and there is a family “in civilian life”, then joining the army means not only losing a year of life, but also generally falling out of the usual way of life and destroying it to some extent. Therefore, evasions from military service on conscription often occur. Sometimes it is possible to "get away" officially, but often just people hide. There are tricks that will help you in this matter. But remember - dodgers will one day be punished if they do not have a legitimate reason for deferment or complete release from service.
Firstly, you can not personally sign and not receive a summons from the military enlistment office. As already mentioned, until you are given this document in your hands, and you do not sign the notice, you cannot be considered alerted to the call.
Secondly, you can change your place of residence and generally do not travel anywhere until 27 years old. That is, constantly hiding. In this case, you should not have official work, otherwise it is highly likely that after a hard day you will go straight to the military registration and enlistment office.
Thirdly, many people buy fake health certificates. This is an illegal but very common option. And also there is a bribe to the head of the military enlistment office. On average, the amount of a bribe, as some deviators assure (anonymously), is about 200,000 rubles.
Fourth, you can go to study, become a scientist or have a family and several children. The last two points are very popular among the population.
After all, military service may not be by conscription, but by contract. That is, you voluntarily enter into a deal with the military registration and enlistment office and, as it were, work in the armed forces of the country for a certain period of time. After you get a military ID, you will not have anything to do with military service. You can sign a contract during the passage commissions in the draft board.
A responsibility
According to modern laws, evasion of the army is punished to one degree or another. What options are possible? Firstly, if you refuse to serve urgently, or rather avoid it, you can "run into" a fine. Its size will be either a maximum of 200,000 rubles, or it is expressed as a citizen's income in no more than 18 months. Exact penalties will be established individually.
Also, forced labor for a maximum of 2 years, arrest up to six months. The most serious punishment is the institution of a criminal case, followed by imprisonment (with imprisonment) for a maximum of 24 months.
If a citizen refuses and refuses alternative service (sometimes it is offered for health reasons), then he faces a fine of up to 80,000 rubles or a withdrawal of income for 6 months.In addition, similar to the previous option, compulsory work is possible (maximum 480 hours) or arrest for six months. Passing the conscription service is a responsible matter. And this is the holy duty of every man in the Russian Federation.
